Extrait, eau de parfum, eau de toilette: what the label is telling you

Every fragrance is a dilution of perfume oil in alcohol. What changes between an eau de toilette and an extrait is how much oil there is, and that number shapes the whole experience.

The usual ranges

Eau de toilette generally carries 5–15% perfume oil and is bright, quick and light. Eau de parfum sits at 15–20% and lasts through most of a working day. Extrait de parfum runs from 20% to 40% and is the richest, longest-lasting form.

Does higher always mean better?

Not always. Citrus and aquatic notes are naturally light and often feel best at a lower concentration. Resins, woods and oud were made for extrait strength, where they have room to unfold slowly.

How to choose

For hot weather and daily wear, an eau de parfum is easy to live with. For evenings, colder months and occasions, reach for an extrait, and use fewer sprays than you think you need.